Meghalaya

Meghalaya

History of Meghalaya

People started living in Meghalaya since Neolithic era. Neolithic sites are located in high elevated areas such as Khasi Hills, Garo Hills and neighboring states. Meghalaya plays an important role in history through domestication of rice. British incorporated Meghalaya into Assam in the year 1835 and the state enjoyed semi-independent status by virtue of a treaty relationship with the British Crown. Separate hill state moment started in the year 1960. An autonomous state of Meghalaya was carved out of Assam on 2nd April 1970. Finally on 21st January 1972, Meghalaya attained statehood.

Geography of Meghalaya

Meghalaya is situated on the north east of India. Meghalaya shares national border with Assam and international border with Bangladesh. It is spread in an area of 22429 sq kms making it the seventh smallest state in the country. Meghalaya has many rivers which are mainly rain fed and seasonal. Meghalaya is the wettest place on earth with average annual rainfall 12,000 mm. The town of Cherrapunji in the Khasi Hills holds the world record for most rain in a calendar month and the village of Mawsynram, holds the record for the most rain in a year.

Maharashtra

Maharashtra

History of Maharashtra

Maharashtra was once ruled by Rashtrakuta dynasty, Satavahana dynasty, Mughals, Western Chalukyas and Marathas. Western Maharashtra was governed by the British as part of the Bombay Presidency. Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Vinayak Damodar Savarkar led the struggle for Indian Independence from this area. Under the States Reorganization Act in 1956, Maharashtra was formed predominantly by Marathi speaking people. After many mass protests, Gujarat was carved out from Maharashtra on 1st May 1960. Even today state has dispute with Karnataka regarding Belgaum and Karwar regions.

Geography of Maharashtra

Maharashtra is located on the north eastern part of India. It is surrounded by Gujarat, Telangana, Goa, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and the Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Arabian Sea is bordered on the west of the state. It has an average elevation of 1200 meters from the sea level and spread in 307713 sq kms making it the third largest state in the country. State has a coastline of about 720 kms.

Mizoram

Mizoram

History of Mizoram

Mizoram is derived from the words Mi, Zo and Ram which means people, belong to Lushai hills and land respectively, which means “land of hill people” when combined together. Majority of the tribes in the state are the migrants from the neighboring countries several centuries ago. The Mizo Hills officially became part of British India in the year 1895, and head-hunting were banned in the state and its neighboring regions. Mizoram carved out from Assam in the year 1972 and became Union Territory. On 20 February 1987, Mizoram became the 23rd state of India.

Geography of Mizoram

Mizoram is located on the north eastern part of India. Mizoram shares national boundaries with Tripura, Assam, Manipur and international boundaries with Bangladesh and Myanmar. Mizoram is spread in an area of 21087 sq kms making it the fifth smallest state in the country. The tropic of cancer passes through almost middle of the state. The maximum north-south distance is 285 km, and maximum east-west distance is 115 km. About 76% of Mizoram is covered by forest. Chhimtuipui is the biggest river in the state. It is originated in Burma and ends in Burma. Mizoram is also known as peninsula state as it has international land on three sides and domestic land on the reaming side.

3 अप्रैल (3 April)

3 अप्रैल (3 April)

3 अप्रैल, 1680 : मराठा शासक शिवाजी का महाराष्ट्र के रायगढ़ किले में निधन हुआ।
3 अप्रैल, 1856 : यूनान के रोडोस द्वीप समूह में चर्च में हुए बारुद धमाके में चार हजार लोगों की मौत हुई।
3 अप्रैल, 1903 : समाज सुधारक और स्वतंत्रता सेनानी कमलादेवी चटोपाध्याय का जन्म हुआ।
3 अप्रैल, 1914 : भारत के प्रथम फील्ड मार्शल एस एच एफ जे मानेकशॉ का अमृतसर में जन्म हुआ।
3 अप्रैल, 1922 : स्टालिन को कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी का महासचिव नियुक्त किया गया।
3 अप्रैल, 1929 : मशहूर हिन्दी साहित्यकार निर्मल वर्मा का जन्म हुआ।
3 अप्रैल, 1933 : विश्व की सबसे उंची चोटी माउंट एवरेस्ट के ऊपर से पहली बार विमान ने उडान भरी।
3 अप्रैल, 1942 : जापान ने द्वितीय विश्वयुद्ध में अमरीका पर आखिरी दौर की सैन्य कार्यवाई शुरू की।
3 अप्रैल, 1949 : अमेरिका, ब्रिटेन, फ्रांस और कनाडा ने उत्तरी अटलांटिक संधि पर हस्ताक्षर किए।
3 अप्रैल, 1962 : भारत की मशहूर अभिनेत्री जया प्रदा का जन्म हुआ।
3 अप्रैल, 1984 : स्कवायड्रन लीडर राकेश शर्मा रुस के अंतरिक्ष यान सोयूज टी11 से अंतरिक्ष पर जाने वाले प्रथम भारतीय अंतरिक्ष यात्री बने।

4 अप्रैल (4 April)

4 अप्रैल (4 April)

4 अप्रैल, 1460 : स्विट्जरर्लैंड में बेसल यूनिवर्सिटी की स्थापना हुई।
4 अप्रैल, 1716 : रुस और प्रशिया की सेनाओं ने उत्तरी जर्मनी के विस्मार पर कब्जा किया।
4 अप्रैल, 1722 : जेकब रोजरविन ने पूर्वी आयरलैंड की खोज की।
4 अप्रैल, 1818 : अमेरिकी संसद में राष्ट्रीय ध्वज में लाल रंग की तेरह पट्टी और बीस स्टार रखने का फैसला लिया गया।
4 अप्रैल, 1850 : लॉस एंजिलिस को शहर के रूप में शामिल किया गया।
4 अप्रैल, 1858 : ह्ययूज रोज के नेतृत्व में ब्रिटिश सेना के साथ युद्ध करने के बाद झांसी की रानी लक्ष्मीबाई झांसी से निकलकर काल्पी पहुंची और बाद में ग्वालियर की ओर चली गई।
4 अप्रैल, 1889 : मशहूर हिन्दी कवि, लेखक, नाटककार और पत्रकार माखनलाल चतुर्वेदी का जन्म मध्य प्रदेश में हुआ।
4 अप्रैल, 1904 : प्रसिद्ध गायक कुंदन लाल सहगल का जन्म हुआ।

Animal and Bird Knowledge

Animal and Bird Knowledge

1. The largest bird alive is the Ostrich.

2. The smallest bird alive is the Humming bird.

3. An animal doctor is called a Veterinarian.

4. How many arms an octopus has Eight.

5. The arms of the octopus are called Tentacles..

6. The fastest moving land snake in the world is the Black Mamba.

7. A group of lions is called a Pride.

8. A group of invertebrate animals which have segments body and jointed limbs are called Arthropods.

Kerala

Kerala

 

History of Kerala

According to Dahsavthar stories of Hindu mythology, Kerala was recovered from the sea by the axe-wielding warrior sage Parasurama, 6th avatar of Vishnu. Mahabali, an Asura, Puranic character and a prototypical king of justice, ruled the earth from Kerala. History believes that there is some relationship between Indus Valley Civilization and Kerala during the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age. Travancore and Kochi were merged to Indian Union on 1st July 1949. Under the States Reorganization Act, Kerala was formed on 1st November 1956.

Geography of Kerala

Kerala is located on the south west region of India. Kerala surrounded by Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and the Lakshadweep Sea. Kerala houses forty-four rivers and round eight percent of country's waterways are found in Kerala. Kerala is spread in 38863 sq kms, making in the 13th largest state in the country. Kerala has a coastline of 590 km and its width varying 11 to 121 kms.

Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand

History of Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand got its name from the Sanskrit words Uttara and Khanda which means north and land respectively. History believes that this area is inhabited since prehistoric times and existence of early Vedic. The Pauravas, Gurjara-Pratihara, Katyuris, Kushanas, Kunindas, Guptas, Raikas, Palas, Chands, Parmars, Sikhs, and the British were the famous rulers of this region. Rishis and Sadhus once inhabited in this region. There is a strong belief that the sage Vyasa scripted the Mahabharata in this region. On 9th November 2000, Uttaranchal was formed from Uttar Pradesh, which was later renamed on 1st January 2007, to present name Uttarakhand.

Geography of Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand is located on the north part of India. It shares national borders with Uttar Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh and international borders with Nepal and Tibet. State is spread in an area of 53483 sq km making it the 19th largest state in the country. Mountains and forest occupy 86% and 65% of the state area respectively. The Ganges and the Yamuna are the two largest rivers in the country, they originated in the state.

Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu

History of Tamil Nadu

History believes that this region existed from the Neolithic period, 3,800 years ago. Chera, Chola and Pandya were the three dynasties which majorly ruled this region. These three dynasties had good trade relationships with Egypt, Ceylon, Rome, Arabia, Greece, Phoenicia, Mesopotamia and Persia. British got full governance control over full Tamil nadir state in early 1900s. Madras Presidency became Madras State, after Independence. In 1956, Andhra State carved out of Madras state and some parts of the state were reorganized. Madras State was renamed as Tamil Nadu in 1969.

Geography of Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu lies in the southern part of India, which shares the boarders with Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and union territory of Puducherry. Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean meet at the southern tip Indian Peninsula, Kanyakumari. Tamil Nadu extends in an area of 130,058 sq kms making it the eleventh largest state in India. Tamil Nadu has a coastline of 910 sq kms making it the third longest coastline in India.

Sikkim

Sikkim

History of Sikkim

Sikkim is also known as Shikim or Su Khyim. Buddhist saint Padmasambhava, first mentioned the name of the state in the 8th century. Sikkim was invaded by Bhutanese followed by Tibetans, Nepalese and Chinese. Sikkim became a British protectorate, in 1890. Sikkim was rejected to join Indian union after Indian Independence in 1947. In 1950, Sikkim was made into Indian protectorate based on Indo-Sikkim treaty. Finally Sikkim was made Indian state on 16th May 1975. The Chinese government recognized Sikkim as an Indian state in 2003, on the condition that India officially recognizes Tibet as a part of China.

Geography of Sikkim

Sikkim is situated in the Himalayan Mountains. Most of the state is hilly, with its elevation varying from 280 meters to 8586 meters. The world's third-highest peak, Kangchenjunga, is the state highest point, located on the border between Sikkim and Nepal. One third of the state is having dense forest. Sikkim has 80 glaciers, 28 mountain peaks, five major hot springs, 227 high-altitude lakes, and more than 100 rivers and streams. Sikkim receives regular snow falls. Sikkim shares national borders with China, Bhutan and Nepal, and national border with West Bengal.

Gujarat

Gujarat

History of Gujarat

Gujarat got its name from the Sanskrit word Gurjar. Gujarat was one of the important cities in the Indus valley civilization. In Lothal, India’s first seaport was established. There is a historical evidence of trade and commerce ties between Gujarat and Egypt and Summer. Saka rulers played an important role in Gujarat’s history, which ruled this region for nearly 300 years. Several battles were fought in this region. Aurangzeb, the great Mughal Empire was born in Dahod, Gujarat. On 1st May 1960, based on linguistics, Gujarat was formed with Ahmedabad as its capital city. Later, in 1970 capital city was changed to Gandhinagar.

Geography of Gujarat

Gujarat is located on the western part of the country. It is surrounded by Rajasthan, Union territories of Diu, Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Arabian Sea. It shares international border with Pakistan. It is spread in an area of 196024 sq. km making it the 6th largest state in the country. It has a coastline of 1600 km, highest among other states. Sabarmati is the largest river and Narmada is the longest river in the state. Narmada is one of the three rivers in peninsular India that run from east to west.

Chhattisgarh

Chhattisgarh

History of Chhattisgarh

In ancient times, Chhattisgarh was known as Dakshin-Kausal. Chhattisgarh’s name was mentioned in the Indian epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata. Sarabhpurias, Panduavanshi, Somvanshi, Kalachuri and Nagvanshi were the dominate rulers in this region between 6th and 12th centuries. Chhattisgarh was ruled by Chola dynasty and Marata rule before British invaded in 1845. On 1st November, 1956, Chhattisgarh became a part in Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh was carved out of Madhya Pradesh on 1st November, 2000.

Geography of Chhattisgarh

Chhattisgarh is located on the central part of India. It is surrounded by Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Maharashtra, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh. It is spread in an area of 1365194 sq km making it the 10th largest state in the country. Chhattisgarh has tropical climate which is hot and humid. 44% of the state area is covered by forest. Chhattisgarh’s outline is like a sea horse.

Karnataka

Karnataka

History of Karnataka

Karnataka's pre-history dated back to a paleolithic hand-axe culture. Gold which is discovered in Harappa, hypothesize about contacts between ancient Karnataka and the Indus Valley Civilization. Karnataka region was ruled by Nanda Empire, Mauryan Empire, Satavahana, Kadambas and Western Gangas. In 1950, the Maharaja, Jayachamarajendra Wodeyar, allowed his kingdom's accession to India and he served as its Rajpramukh until 1975. On 1st November 1956, state of Mysore was formed. It was renamed as Karnataka in 1973.

Geography of Karnataka

Karnataka is located on the south western part of India. Karnataka shares it border with the Arabian Sea, Laccadive Sea, Goa, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. Karnataka is spread in an area of 191791 sq kms making it the seventh largest state in the country. Karnataka has three principal geographical zones namely the coastal region of Karavali, The hilly Malenadu region, The Bayaluseeme region. Kaveri, Tungabhadra, Krishna, Malaprabha and the Sharavathi are the important rivers in the state.

West Bengal

West Bengal

History of West Bengal

West Bengal got its name from a Dravidian tribe “Bang”, who settled in this region around 1000 BC. As per Mahabharata this region once belonged to Vanga Kingdom. The Bengal Presidency of British India was established by 1765, and Calcutta was made its capital in 1772. Bengal played a major role in Indian independence movement, with many revolutionary groups. After Independence, Bengal was divided into West Bengal and East Bengal, which later became Bangladesh.

Geography of West Bengal

West Bengal is located on the eastern part of India. West Bengal shares national border with Jharkhand, Bihar, Odisha, Sikkim, and Assam. It shares international border with Nepal, Bangladesh and Bhutan. To the south of West Bengal, Bay of Bengal is situated. It is spread in an area of 88752 sq km making it the 14th largest state in the country.

Nagaland

Nagaland

History of Nagaland

History believes that Kiratas, or golden skinned people, lived in Nagaland long back. Anthropologists suggest people of Nagaland belong to the Mongoloid race. Nagaland got its name from the Burmese word Naka which means pierced noses or people with earrings. They are many controversies about this, but widely accepted. Tribes of Nagaland were known for their bravery and "head hunting" practices. Japanese invaded Nagaland through Burma in 1944, but was forced to withdraw from the war. After Independence in 1947, Nagaland became part of province of Assam. After many revolutions present day Nagaland became Union Territory in 1957. On 1st December 1963, Nagaland became one of the states of India.

Geography of Nagaland

Nagaland is located on the north eastern part of India. It is surrounded by Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur. It share international border with Burma. Mount Saramati is the highest peak in the state with an elevation of 12,601.70 feet from sea level. 20% of the state is covered by wooded forest. Nagaland has monsoon climate with high humidity levels. Nagaland is spread in an area of 16579 sq kms making it one of the smallest states in the country.