इंडिया GK (India GK)-1

इंडिया GK (India GK)-1

1. हुमायूँ का मकबरा - दिल्ली
2. दार्जिलिंग हिमालयन रेल -पश्चिम बंगाल
3. महाबोधी मंदिर, गया - बिहार
4. भीमबेटका की गुफाएँ - मध्यप्रदेश
5. गंगई कोड़ा चोलपुरम् मन्दिर -तमिलनाडु
6. महाबलिपुरम् का स्मारक समूह -तमिलनाडू
7. काजीरंगा राष्ट्रीय उद्यान -असोम
8. मानस वन्य जीव अभयारण्य -असोम
9. केवला देव राष्ट्रीय उद्यान -राजस्थान
10. पुराने गोवा के चर्च व मठ - गोवा
11. चित्तौड़गढ़ किला - राजस्थान
12. गागरोन किला - राजस्थान

गुप्त राजवंश के शासक (Emperor of Gupta Empire)

गुप्त राजवंश के शासक (Emperor of Gupta Empire)

 

श्रीगुप्त : 240-280 ई.
घटोत्कच : 280-319 ई.
चंद्रगुप्त प्रथम : 319-335 ई.
समुद्रगुप्त : 335-375 ई.
रामगुप्त : 375 ई.
चंद्रगुप्त द्वितीय : 380-413 ई.
कुमारगुप्त प्रथम महेन्द्रादित्य : 415-454 ई.
स्कन्दगुप्त : 455-467 ई.
नरसिंहगुप्त बालादित्य : 467-473 ई.
कुमारगुप्त द्वितीय : 473-476 ई.
बुद्धगुप्त : 476-495 ई.

भारतीय इतिहास के प्रमुख युद्ध (War of Indian History)

भारतीय इतिहास के प्रमुख युद्ध (War of Indian History)

1. हाईडेस्पीज का युद्ध (Battle of the Hydaspes)
समय : 326 ई.पू.
किसके बीच : सिकंदर और पंजाब के राजा पोरस के बीच हुआ, जिसमे सिकंदर की विजय हुई।

2. कलिंग की लड़ाई (Kalinga War) 
समय : 261 ई.पू.
किसके बीच : सम्राट अशोक ने कलिंग पर आक्रमण किया। युद्ध के रक्तपात को देखकर उसने युद्ध न करने की कसम खाई।

3. सिंध की लड़ाई  
समय : 712 ई. 
किसके बीच : मोहम्मद कासिम ने अरबों की सत्ता स्थापित की।

4. तराईन का प्रथम युद्ध (Battles of Tarain)  
समय : 1191 ई. 
किसके बीच : मोहम्मद गौरी और पृथ्वी राज चौहान के बीच हुआ, जिसमे चौहान की विजय हुई।

History of Ancient India

History of Ancient India

1. The Harappan Fort in the shape of a parallel square is 460 yards in length (north-south) 215 yards in breadth (east-west) and 15-17 yards in height.
2. The script of Indus civilization was pictorial in which there were more than 600 picture-letters and 60 original letters.
3. The excavations of Chanhudaro were carried out in 1925 under the leadership of Earnest M’ckay. This town had no fort.
4. Naal, Daburkot, Rakhi Garhi, Banawali, Rangpur, Lothal, Des Morasi, Kulli, Rana Ghundai, Anjira, Gumla, Amri, Ghundai, Mundigak, Diplabaga, Sahar-i-Sokhta, Bampur and Queta etc. are famous historical sites where the remains of Indus civilization and pre Indus civilization have been excavated.
5. Daburkot, Periano, Ghundai, Kulli, Mehi, Chanhudaro, Amri, Lohumjodaro, Alimurad, Ropar, Rangpur, Sutkegender are the prominent (spots) places of Indus Valley civilization.
6. The excavations of Kalibangan, a historical place in Rajasthan began in 1961 under the direction of B. K. Thapar and B. B. Lal. From the lower layer of the excavation, the remains of pre Indus civilization and from the upper layer of the Indus civilization are discernible. The fortress and the city both were surrounded with walls.

राजस्थान के बारे में (About Rajasthan)

राजस्थान के बारे में (About Rajasthan)

भौगोलिक पृष्ठभूमि (Geographical Background)

• राजस्थान उदयपुर को झीलों का शहर कहा जाता है।
• भारत में चने के उत्पादन में राजस्थान का दूसरा स्थान है जबकि उत्तर प्रदेश प्रथम स्थान पर है
• नहरो द्धारा सर्वाधिक सिंचाई उत्तर पश्चिम राजस्थान में होती है ,जबकि श्रीगंगानगर जिले से सर्वाधिक सिंचाई होती है।
• राजस्थानRajasthan में सर्वाधिक वर्षा प्राप्त करने वाला जिला झालावाड़ तथा न्यूनतम वर्षा प्राप्त करने वाला जिला जैसलमेर है।
• राजस्थान Rajasthan मध्यप्रदेश से 1 नवम्बर 2000 को अलग होकर अस्तित्व में आए छत्तीसगढ़ राज्य के कारण अब राजस्थान क्षेत्रफल की दृष्टि से देश का सबसे बड़ा राज्य हो गया है।
• राजस्थान में लूनी नदी का उद्गमन स्थल अजमेर के नामपहाड़ में अनासागर है।
• लाल लोमी मिट्टी का विस्तार उदयपुर व डूँगरपुर के मध्य एवं दक्षिणी भाग में है।राजस्थान में सर्वाधिक क्षेत्र में बोई जाने वाली रबी की फसल सरसों है।

भारत का इतिहास : पाषाण युग से प्राचीन भारत तक (Indian History: Stone Age to Ancient India)

भारत का इतिहास : पाषाण युग से प्राचीन भारत तक
(Indian History: Stone Age to Ancient India)

• पाषाण युग : 70000 से 3300 ई.पू
• मेहरगढ़ संस्कृति : 7000-3300 ई.पू
• सिन्धु घाटी सभ्यता : 3300-1700 ई.पू
• हड़प्पा संस्कृति : 1700-1300 ई.पू
• वैदिक काल : 1500–500 ई.पू
• प्राचीन भारत : 1200 ई.पू–240 ई.
• महाजनपद :700–300 ई.पू
• मगध साम्राज्य : 545–320 ई.पू
• सातवाहन साम्राज्य : 230 ई.पू-199 ई.
• मौर्य साम्राज्य : 321–184 ई.पू
• शुंग साम्राज्य : 184–123 ई.पू
• शक साम्राज्य : 123 ई.पू–200 ई.

राजस्थान सामान्य ज्ञान (Rajasthan GK)-2

राजस्थान सामान्य ज्ञान (Rajasthan GK)-2

1. सरदार सरोवर बांध परियोजना का विरोध किस कारण हुआ?
उत्तर : बांध निर्माण के कारण आस-पास के गांवों के पानी में डूबने की आशंका से जीवन एवं पर्यावरण पर प्रतिकूल प्रभाव पडऩे के कारण
2. पहला T-20 IPL किसने जीता?
उत्तर : राजस्थान रॉयल्स
3. रॉक फास्फेट पाया जाता है?
उत्तर : उदयपुर के पास
4. किस आयु वर्ग के बच्चों को शिक्षा का अधिकार विधेयक फ्री शुल्क शिक्षा प्रदान करता है?
उत्तर : 6-14
5. राजस्थान के किस जिले में रणथम्भौर का किला अवस्थित है?
उत्तर : सवार्ईमाधोपुर
6. पिछोला झील किस जिले में स्थित है?

राजस्थान सामान्य ज्ञान (Rajasthan GK)-1

राजस्थान सामान्य ज्ञान (Rajasthan GK)-1

1. राजस्थान का सबसे अधिक फेल्सपार किस जिले से प्राप्त किया जाता है ?
उत्तर : अजमेर
2. मांडो की पाल (डूंगरपुर) किस खनिज के लिए प्रसिद्ध है ? 
उत्तर : फलोराइट
3. झामर कोटडा क्षेत्र किस जिले में स्थित है ? 
उत्तर : उदयपुर
4. राजस्थान का सबसे बड़ा जिप्सम का जमाव कहाँ मिलता है? 
उत्तर : जामसर (बीकानेर)
5. राजस्थान में हीरे के भंडारों की खोज कहाँ हुई ? 
उत्तर : केसरपुरा [चित्तोडगढ]
6. राजस्थान में बेन्टोनाइट के भंडार कहाँ स्थित है ? 
उत्तर : झालावाड

भारत का भूगोल (Indian Geography)

भारत का भूगोल (Indian Geography)

1. वृहद हिमालय की दूसरी चोटियों के क्या नाम हैं?
उत्तर : कंचनजंघा, मकालू, धौल्लागिरी, नंगा पर्वत, अन्नपूर्णा, नंदादेवी।
2. नंदादेवी चोटी किस राज्य में आती है?
उत्तर : उत्तराखंड।
3. नंदादेवी चोटी किस हिमालय का हिस्सा है?
उत्तर : कुमायुं हिमालय।
4. भारत में हिमालय की सबसे ऊंची चोटी कौन-सी है?
उत्तर : कंचनजंघा।
5. कंचनजंघा चोटी कहां स्थित है?
उत्तर : सिक्कम और नेपाल की सीमा पर।
6. भारत का सबसे ऊंचा शिखर कौन है?
उत्तर : माउंट- K2 । इसे गॉडविन ऑस्टिन के नाम से भी जाना जाता है।

पंचायती राज व्यवस्था (Panchayati Raj Vyavastha)

पंचायती राज व्यवस्था (Panchayati Raj Vyavastha)

1. संविधान के किस भाग में पंचायती राज व्यवस्था का वर्णन है?
उत्तर : भाग-9
2. पंचायती राज व्यवस्था किस पर आधारित है?
उत्तर : सत्ता के विकेंद्रीकरण पर
3. पंचायती राज का मुख्य उद्देश्य क्या है?
उत्तर : जनता को प्रशासन में भागीदारी योग्य बनाना
4. किसके अंतर्गत पंचायती राज व्यवस्था का वर्णन है?
उत्तर : नीति-निर्देशक सिद्धांत
5. संविधान के किस संशोधन द्वारा पंचायती राज संस्थाओं को संवैधानिक दर्जा दिया गया है?
उत्तर : 75वें संशोधन
6. 75वें संशोधन में कौन-सी अनुसूची जोड़ी गई हैं?
उत्तर : 11वीं

Meghalaya

Meghalaya

History of Meghalaya

People started living in Meghalaya since Neolithic era. Neolithic sites are located in high elevated areas such as Khasi Hills, Garo Hills and neighboring states. Meghalaya plays an important role in history through domestication of rice. British incorporated Meghalaya into Assam in the year 1835 and the state enjoyed semi-independent status by virtue of a treaty relationship with the British Crown. Separate hill state moment started in the year 1960. An autonomous state of Meghalaya was carved out of Assam on 2nd April 1970. Finally on 21st January 1972, Meghalaya attained statehood.

Geography of Meghalaya

Meghalaya is situated on the north east of India. Meghalaya shares national border with Assam and international border with Bangladesh. It is spread in an area of 22429 sq kms making it the seventh smallest state in the country. Meghalaya has many rivers which are mainly rain fed and seasonal. Meghalaya is the wettest place on earth with average annual rainfall 12,000 mm. The town of Cherrapunji in the Khasi Hills holds the world record for most rain in a calendar month and the village of Mawsynram, holds the record for the most rain in a year.

Maharashtra

Maharashtra

History of Maharashtra

Maharashtra was once ruled by Rashtrakuta dynasty, Satavahana dynasty, Mughals, Western Chalukyas and Marathas. Western Maharashtra was governed by the British as part of the Bombay Presidency. Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Vinayak Damodar Savarkar led the struggle for Indian Independence from this area. Under the States Reorganization Act in 1956, Maharashtra was formed predominantly by Marathi speaking people. After many mass protests, Gujarat was carved out from Maharashtra on 1st May 1960. Even today state has dispute with Karnataka regarding Belgaum and Karwar regions.

Geography of Maharashtra

Maharashtra is located on the north eastern part of India. It is surrounded by Gujarat, Telangana, Goa, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh and the Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Arabian Sea is bordered on the west of the state. It has an average elevation of 1200 meters from the sea level and spread in 307713 sq kms making it the third largest state in the country. State has a coastline of about 720 kms.

Mizoram

Mizoram

History of Mizoram

Mizoram is derived from the words Mi, Zo and Ram which means people, belong to Lushai hills and land respectively, which means “land of hill people” when combined together. Majority of the tribes in the state are the migrants from the neighboring countries several centuries ago. The Mizo Hills officially became part of British India in the year 1895, and head-hunting were banned in the state and its neighboring regions. Mizoram carved out from Assam in the year 1972 and became Union Territory. On 20 February 1987, Mizoram became the 23rd state of India.

Geography of Mizoram

Mizoram is located on the north eastern part of India. Mizoram shares national boundaries with Tripura, Assam, Manipur and international boundaries with Bangladesh and Myanmar. Mizoram is spread in an area of 21087 sq kms making it the fifth smallest state in the country. The tropic of cancer passes through almost middle of the state. The maximum north-south distance is 285 km, and maximum east-west distance is 115 km. About 76% of Mizoram is covered by forest. Chhimtuipui is the biggest river in the state. It is originated in Burma and ends in Burma. Mizoram is also known as peninsula state as it has international land on three sides and domestic land on the reaming side.

Kerala

Kerala

 

History of Kerala

According to Dahsavthar stories of Hindu mythology, Kerala was recovered from the sea by the axe-wielding warrior sage Parasurama, 6th avatar of Vishnu. Mahabali, an Asura, Puranic character and a prototypical king of justice, ruled the earth from Kerala. History believes that there is some relationship between Indus Valley Civilization and Kerala during the late Bronze Age and early Iron Age. Travancore and Kochi were merged to Indian Union on 1st July 1949. Under the States Reorganization Act, Kerala was formed on 1st November 1956.

Geography of Kerala

Kerala is located on the south west region of India. Kerala surrounded by Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and the Lakshadweep Sea. Kerala houses forty-four rivers and round eight percent of country's waterways are found in Kerala. Kerala is spread in 38863 sq kms, making in the 13th largest state in the country. Kerala has a coastline of 590 km and its width varying 11 to 121 kms.

Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand

History of Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand got its name from the Sanskrit words Uttara and Khanda which means north and land respectively. History believes that this area is inhabited since prehistoric times and existence of early Vedic. The Pauravas, Gurjara-Pratihara, Katyuris, Kushanas, Kunindas, Guptas, Raikas, Palas, Chands, Parmars, Sikhs, and the British were the famous rulers of this region. Rishis and Sadhus once inhabited in this region. There is a strong belief that the sage Vyasa scripted the Mahabharata in this region. On 9th November 2000, Uttaranchal was formed from Uttar Pradesh, which was later renamed on 1st January 2007, to present name Uttarakhand.

Geography of Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand is located on the north part of India. It shares national borders with Uttar Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh and international borders with Nepal and Tibet. State is spread in an area of 53483 sq km making it the 19th largest state in the country. Mountains and forest occupy 86% and 65% of the state area respectively. The Ganges and the Yamuna are the two largest rivers in the country, they originated in the state.

Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu

History of Tamil Nadu

History believes that this region existed from the Neolithic period, 3,800 years ago. Chera, Chola and Pandya were the three dynasties which majorly ruled this region. These three dynasties had good trade relationships with Egypt, Ceylon, Rome, Arabia, Greece, Phoenicia, Mesopotamia and Persia. British got full governance control over full Tamil nadir state in early 1900s. Madras Presidency became Madras State, after Independence. In 1956, Andhra State carved out of Madras state and some parts of the state were reorganized. Madras State was renamed as Tamil Nadu in 1969.

Geography of Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu lies in the southern part of India, which shares the boarders with Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and union territory of Puducherry. Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean meet at the southern tip Indian Peninsula, Kanyakumari. Tamil Nadu extends in an area of 130,058 sq kms making it the eleventh largest state in India. Tamil Nadu has a coastline of 910 sq kms making it the third longest coastline in India.

Sikkim

Sikkim

History of Sikkim

Sikkim is also known as Shikim or Su Khyim. Buddhist saint Padmasambhava, first mentioned the name of the state in the 8th century. Sikkim was invaded by Bhutanese followed by Tibetans, Nepalese and Chinese. Sikkim became a British protectorate, in 1890. Sikkim was rejected to join Indian union after Indian Independence in 1947. In 1950, Sikkim was made into Indian protectorate based on Indo-Sikkim treaty. Finally Sikkim was made Indian state on 16th May 1975. The Chinese government recognized Sikkim as an Indian state in 2003, on the condition that India officially recognizes Tibet as a part of China.

Geography of Sikkim

Sikkim is situated in the Himalayan Mountains. Most of the state is hilly, with its elevation varying from 280 meters to 8586 meters. The world's third-highest peak, Kangchenjunga, is the state highest point, located on the border between Sikkim and Nepal. One third of the state is having dense forest. Sikkim has 80 glaciers, 28 mountain peaks, five major hot springs, 227 high-altitude lakes, and more than 100 rivers and streams. Sikkim receives regular snow falls. Sikkim shares national borders with China, Bhutan and Nepal, and national border with West Bengal.

Gujarat

Gujarat

History of Gujarat

Gujarat got its name from the Sanskrit word Gurjar. Gujarat was one of the important cities in the Indus valley civilization. In Lothal, India’s first seaport was established. There is a historical evidence of trade and commerce ties between Gujarat and Egypt and Summer. Saka rulers played an important role in Gujarat’s history, which ruled this region for nearly 300 years. Several battles were fought in this region. Aurangzeb, the great Mughal Empire was born in Dahod, Gujarat. On 1st May 1960, based on linguistics, Gujarat was formed with Ahmedabad as its capital city. Later, in 1970 capital city was changed to Gandhinagar.

Geography of Gujarat

Gujarat is located on the western part of the country. It is surrounded by Rajasthan, Union territories of Diu, Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Arabian Sea. It shares international border with Pakistan. It is spread in an area of 196024 sq. km making it the 6th largest state in the country. It has a coastline of 1600 km, highest among other states. Sabarmati is the largest river and Narmada is the longest river in the state. Narmada is one of the three rivers in peninsular India that run from east to west.

Chhattisgarh

Chhattisgarh

History of Chhattisgarh

In ancient times, Chhattisgarh was known as Dakshin-Kausal. Chhattisgarh’s name was mentioned in the Indian epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata. Sarabhpurias, Panduavanshi, Somvanshi, Kalachuri and Nagvanshi were the dominate rulers in this region between 6th and 12th centuries. Chhattisgarh was ruled by Chola dynasty and Marata rule before British invaded in 1845. On 1st November, 1956, Chhattisgarh became a part in Madhya Pradesh. Chhattisgarh was carved out of Madhya Pradesh on 1st November, 2000.

Geography of Chhattisgarh

Chhattisgarh is located on the central part of India. It is surrounded by Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Maharashtra, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh. It is spread in an area of 1365194 sq km making it the 10th largest state in the country. Chhattisgarh has tropical climate which is hot and humid. 44% of the state area is covered by forest. Chhattisgarh’s outline is like a sea horse.

Karnataka

Karnataka

History of Karnataka

Karnataka's pre-history dated back to a paleolithic hand-axe culture. Gold which is discovered in Harappa, hypothesize about contacts between ancient Karnataka and the Indus Valley Civilization. Karnataka region was ruled by Nanda Empire, Mauryan Empire, Satavahana, Kadambas and Western Gangas. In 1950, the Maharaja, Jayachamarajendra Wodeyar, allowed his kingdom's accession to India and he served as its Rajpramukh until 1975. On 1st November 1956, state of Mysore was formed. It was renamed as Karnataka in 1973.

Geography of Karnataka

Karnataka is located on the south western part of India. Karnataka shares it border with the Arabian Sea, Laccadive Sea, Goa, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala. Karnataka is spread in an area of 191791 sq kms making it the seventh largest state in the country. Karnataka has three principal geographical zones namely the coastal region of Karavali, The hilly Malenadu region, The Bayaluseeme region. Kaveri, Tungabhadra, Krishna, Malaprabha and the Sharavathi are the important rivers in the state.