Generations of Computers

Generations of Computers

The history of computer development is often referred to in reference to the different generations of computing devices. Each of the five generations of computers is characterised by a major technological development that fundamentally changed the way computers operate, resulting in increasingly smaller, cheaper, more powerful and more efficient and reliable computing devices.

The journey starts in 1940 with vacuum tube circuitry and goes to the present day and the future computers expected with artificial intelligence.

Commemorative Days

Commemorative Days

January

January 9: NRI Day

January 12: National Youth Day

January 15: Army Day

January 24: National Girl Child Day

January 25: National Voters Day; National Tourism Day

January 26: Republic Day; International Customs Day

January 30: Martyrs’ Day; World Leprosy Eradication Day

OSI Model

OSI Model

The 7 Layers of the OSI Model

The Open System Interconnection (OSI) model defines a networking framework to implement protocols in seven layers. Control is passed from one layer to the next, starting at the application layer in one station, and proceeding to the bottom layer, over the channel to the next station and back up the hierarchy. The seven layers are:

Application Layer (7th Layer)

Everything at this layer is application-specific. This layer supports application and end-user processes. This layer provides application services for file transfers, e-mail, and other network software services. Telnet and FTP are applications that exist entirely in the application level. Tiered application architectures are part of this layer.

Inter-Bank Mobile Payment Service

Inter-Bank Mobile Payment Service

Did you know you could use your mobile phone to make instant payments for your rail tickets, credit card and DTK mobile recharges? Or transfer funds to your friend? All of this can be done just through an SMS or an app. This retail fund-transfer system, called the inter-bank mobile payments service, works in real time and is available 24x7. Here’s how.

Computer Memory

Computer Memory

It refers to the internal storage areas in the computer. The term memory identifies data storage that comes in the form of chips, and the word storage is used for memory that exists on tapes or disks. Moreover, the term memory is usually used as a shorthand for physical memory, which refers to the actual chips capable of holding data. Some computers also use virtual memory, which expands physical memory onto a hard disk.

Every computer comes with a certain amount of physical memory, usually referred to as main memory or Random Access Memory (RAM).

Depreciation of rupee

Depreciation of rupee

Why is rupee depreciating over the months?

A lot of the downward pressure that’s been on the Indian currency rupee in the past few months has been due to the political environment in the country, and the uncertainty caused by issues like the General Anti-Avoidance Rules (GAAR), retrospective taxation, inability to pass any policy reforms and other clouds surrounding the Indian economy.  Unlike the last time when rupee depreciated, was a time of global crisis, things aren’t as bad globally this time, and most of the trouble that’s brewing is domestic. These circumstances hardly inspire investor’s confidence and as a result money has been flowing out of Indian equities and that’s led to the downfall in the market.

Computer MCQ 003

Computer MCQ 003

1.     A device that connects to a network without the use of cables is said to be ________.
       (A) distributed
       (B) wireless
       (C) centralized
       (D) open source
       (E) None of these

2.     Junk e-mail is also called ________.
       (A) spam
       (B) spoof
       (C) sniffer script
       (D) spool
       (E) None of these