Jharkhand

Jharkhand

History of Jharkhand

According to History, Jharkhand existed much before Magadha Empire. History believes that tribal language of Jharkhand is similar to the language used by Harappan people. Tribal rulers known as Munda Rajas, had ownership rights to large farmlands. In early days the northern part of Jharkhand state was a tributary state of Magadha Empire and southern part was a tributary of Kalinga Empire. Jharkhand was carved out from Bihar on 15th November 2000.

Geography of Jharkhand

Jharkhand is located on the eastern part of India. It is surrounded by Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and West Bengal. It is spread in an area of 79714 sq km making it the 16th largest state in the country. Tropic of Cancer passes through Kanke, which is near Ranchi. The Suvarnarekha, the Damodar, the Barakar and the Koel are the principal rivers of the state.

Government and Administration of Jharkhand

For administration purpose Jharkhand is divided into five divisions and 22 districts. BJP, INC, AAP, JVM, AJSU, JMM, RJD, JD (U), CPI (M), are the major parties in the state. Jharkhand legislative assembly consists of 82 seats. Jharkhand contributes 14 members to the Indian Assembly.

Language and culture of Jharkhand

Dohari, Domkach, Mardana, Janani, Jhumar are some of the music of the state. Kadri, Sarangi and Tuila, Vyang, Gupijantra, are some of the musical instruments used for the music forms. Chaw, Jadur, Paika and Karma are the state’s dance forms. Bamboo crafts, wood crafts, Paitkar paintings and metal works are the important crafts in the state. The Jharkhand people belong to different tribes. Chick Baraik, Ho, Kharwar, Khond, are some of the important tribes in the state. With the influence of Buddhism in the state, Jharkhand’s cuisine is mainly vegetarian. Pittha, Bihari Litti, Suran Chutney and Khichdi are the famous cuisines in the state. Hindi is widely spoken in the region followed by Bhojpuri, English, Khortha, Oriya, Urdu, Munda, Sadri, Mundari, Bengali and Angika.

Educational Status of Jharkhand

Literacy rate of the state is approximately 67%. Jharkhand has 7 universities and has number of engineering and management colleges. Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences takes care of the medical education in the state. Xavier Institute of Social Service is ranked as the 6th best B school in east India. National University of Study and Research in Law, in Ranchi is the 14th Law University in the country was established in 2010. Loyola School in Jamshedpur is one of the oldest schools in Jharkhand was established in 1947. Around 95% of children between the age group of 6 and 11 are enrolled in the schools. Jharkhand students have proved themselves on national and international level. Jharkhand students ranked well in most of the national level competitive exams.

Economy of Jharkhand

Gross income of the state was 204910 million in year 2005. Urbanization ratio in the state is approximately 24%. Jharkhand is the largest producer of iron ore, copper ore, mica and kainite in the country. Jharkhand also produces coal, bauxite, Manganese, limestone, china clay, fire clay, graphite in large quantity. Jharkhand houses the largest steel plant in Bokaro. 80% of the people in Jharkhand depend on agriculture but it is contributing only a minor share in state economy.

Tourism of Jharkhand

Ranchi Hills is at an altitude of 2140 feet from the sea level. Main attractions of this place are its shape, Lord Shiva temple and an artificial lake. Dassam Falls is one of the finest waterfalls in north India. Kanchi River which falls from 144 feet forms the magnificent falls. Sun Temple is situated near Bundu stand on Tata-Ranchi highway. Baidyanath Dham is one of the important pilgrim centres in the state. The holy shrine to Lord Shiva stands at a staggering 72 feet from the ground and is in pyramid shaped tower. Netarhat is a hill station at an elevation of approximately 3700 feet from the sea level.

Festivals Celebrated in Jharkhand

Sarhul is celebrated during the spring times. Tribes pray god for their safety and protection. Flower Sarhul is given as offerings which symbolizes friendship and brotherhood. Badna is a celebrated during 'Kartik Amavashya'. Animals are worshipped for their contributions to the society and also to calm their destructive quality. Tusu is celebrated during harvest time in winter season on the last day of the month of 'Poush'. Hal Punhya is celebrated on the first day of the month of 'Magha'.